Indian Journal of Private Psychiatry

Register      Login

VOLUME 16 , ISSUE 1 ( January-June, 2022 ) > List of Articles

BRIEF RESEARCH COMMUNICATION

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Substance Abuse in Young Adults: A Correlational Study

Dileep K Maurya, Pradeep Kumar, Mona Srivastava

Citation Information : Maurya DK, Kumar P, Srivastava M. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Substance Abuse in Young Adults: A Correlational Study. Ind J Priv Psychiatry 2022; 16 (1):29-33.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10067-0110

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 16-03-2022

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2022; The Author(s).


Abstract

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been strongly associated with development and prevalence of substance abuse throughout the lifespan. This study provides information regarding different ACEs and its contribution toward substance abuse, which in turn would optimize a better psychosocial intervention during childhood. Objective: This was a cross-sectional comparative study comparing various ACEs in young adults to find out the pattern and extent of substance use in young adults. Methods: Sixty participants in both case and control group were taken and were given GHQ-12, DAQ, ACE-IQ CPS% SDS and applied using SPSS software. Result: In cases mean score of GHQ-12, DAQ, and ACE-IQ 9.05, 150.6, and 3.53 while in control 0.600, 55.8, and 0.850, respectively. Most common ACE in cases is community violence at 81.7% followed by alcohol and drug abuser in households at 78.3%. Prevalence of substance uses tobacco 85%, alcohol intake 86.7%, cannabis abuse 20%, opioid 18.3%, and sedative 11.7%. Discussion: Our study showed that among all substances alcohol and tobacco were the commonest substances of abuse and the findings point to a picture of prevalence of adverse experiences in early life in relation to various sociodemographic factors among adult substance users. Conclusion: The present study showed that children with history of exposure to multiple adversity should be given high priority for early identification and relief to maintain the quality of their lives and to help develop as healthy productive citizens.


HTML PDF Share
  1. Reading R. The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood. A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology. Child Care Health Development 2006;32(2):253. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.2006.
  2. World Health Organization. Global health risks: mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks. World Health Organization; 2009.
  3. Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, et al. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. Am J Prevent Med 1998;14(4):245–258. DOI: 10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00017-8.
  4. Kanana S. Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among patients with substance use disorder at Mathari Hospital [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Nairobi; p. 5–58.
  5. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Census Data 2001.
  6. Squeglia LM, Jacobus J, Tapert SF. The influence of substance use on adolescent brain development. Clin EEG Neurosci 2009;40(1):31–38. DOI: 10.1177/155005940904000110.
  7. Bukstein OG. Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with substance use disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2005;44(6):609–621. DOI: 10.1097/01.chi.0000159135.33706.37.
  8. Pershad D, Verma SK, Malhotra A, et al. Measurement of dysfunction and dysfunction analysis questionnaire. National Psychological Corporation India; 1985.
  9. Goldberg DP. Psychiatric illness in general practice, detailed study using a new method of case detection. Br Med J 1976;II:439–443. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5707.439.
  10. World Health Organization. Adverse childhood experiences international questionnaire. In: Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). Geneva: WHO; 2018.
  11. Bashir N, Sheikh AA, Bilques S, et al. Sociodemographic correlates of substance use disorder patients seeking de-addiction services in Kashmir India – a cross sectional study. Br J Med Pract 2015;8(4):9–13. https://www.bjmp.org.
  12. Dadwani RS, Thomas T. Prevalence of substance abuse: a community-based study. Int J Commun Med Public Health 2017;3(3):647–650. DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20160626.
  13. Sau M, Mukherjee A, Manna N, et al. Sociodemographic and substance use correlates of repeated relapse among patients presenting for relapse treatment at an addiction treatment center in Kolkata, India. Afr Health Sci 2013;13(3):791–799. DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v13i3.39.
  14. Kapse NS, Thakre SS, Thakre SB, et al. A cross sectional comparative study of quality of life of treatments seekers at de-addiction centre in central India using WHO BREF scale. Int J Commun Med Public Health 2017;4(11):4266–4271. DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20174841.
  15. Prajapati BB, Dedun MR, Jalfava HS, et al. A study of sociodemographic profile and pattern of drug use among substance abusers attending mind care de-addiction center in Ahmedabad. Int J Commun Med Public Health 2018;6(1):286–289. DOI: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20185259.
  16. Damodaran D, Paul VK. The unveiled Indian picture of adverse childhood experiences: sociodemographic correlates among youth in Kerala. IAHRW Int J Soc Sci Rev 2018;6(7):1248–1257. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3322512.
  17. Kiburi SK, Molebatsi K, Obondo A, et al. Adverse childhood experiences among patients with substance use disorders at a referral psychiatric hospital in Kenya. BMC Psychiatry 2018;18(1):197. DOI: 10.1186/s12888-018-1780-1.
  18. Wiehn J, Hornberg C, Fischer F. How adverse childhood experiences relate to single and multiple health risk behaviours in German public university students: a cross-sectional analysis. BMC Public Health 2018;18(1):1005. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5926-3.
  19. Bokhari M, Badar M, Naseer U, et al. Adverse childhood experiences & impulsivity in late adolescence & young adulthood of students of University of the Punjab Lahore. Pakistan J Professional Psychol 2015;6(1). http://pu.edu.pk.
  20. Hauli KA, Ndetei DM, Jande MB, et al. The prevalence of substance use among psychiatric patients: the case study of Bugando Medical centre, Mwanza (northern Tanzania). Subst Abus 2011;32(4):238–241. DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2011.599253.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.